Metformin - Drug Details

Metformin (Glucophage, Glumetza)

Classification

Antidiabetic, Biguanide

Mechanism of Action

Indications

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Dosage and Administration

500 mg twice daily or 850 mg once daily, may increase dose gradually to a maximum of 2550 mg per day.

Forms

Tablet, extended-release tablet, solution

Side Effects

Diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, lactic acidosis (rare)

Contraindications

Renal impairment, metabolic acidosis

Interactions

Risk of lactic acidosis increases with alcohol use

Precautions

Monitor renal function regularly, use caution in elderly patients

Pharmacokinetics

Absorbed orally, not metabolized, excreted unchanged in urine

Pharmacodynamics

Improves glucose tolerance, lowers both basal and postprandial plasma glucose

Storage Requirements

Store at room temperature away from light and moisture

Patient Counselling

Take with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects

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